Have you heard about Ubo-Aka?

Ubo-Aka, a traditional Igbo musical instrument, faces a decline in relevance due to the aging of experts and lack of interest from younger generations. This article highlights the importance of preserving Igbo cultural heritage through the promotion of traditional music and instruments like Ubo-Aka.

Origin and Significance of Ubo-Aka

The Igbo people of southeastern Nigeria, specifically from the Nri Kingdom, created the Ubo-Aka, which is considered the roots of the Igbo culture. Ubo-Aka plays a vital role in Igbo traditional music, used for solo performances, communication, and storytelling.

Description and Playing Technique of Ubo-Aka

In addition, Ubo-Aka is a thumb piano, consisting of eight metal keys attached to a wooden soundboard, held in a half of a conical calabash resonator. Players hold the instrument horizontally, plucking the keys with their thumbs while hooking other fingers behind the wooden lid for support. Its songs typically have short melodic motifs, with a limited range of eight tones.

Songs and Their Meanings

Ubo-Aka plays various songs, each with its own meaning and significance. Some examples include:

• “Igba ndi eze”: A praise and worship song for the King during coronation or installation ceremonies, played in an Igbo traditional dancing style.
• “Nwagbogho mkpuke”: A song that combines sex education and caution for wayward teenage girls who flirt, teaching them about the implications of such a lifestyle.
• “Ego elisi elisi”: A song to recognize and praise the rich in a community, especially those whose wealth has positively impacted the lives of others.

Cultural Significance

Moreover, it is an integral part of Igbo culture, used in various contexts, including:

• Religious ceremonies and rituals
• Entertainment and relaxation
• Communication and storytelling
• Praise and worship songs for the King during coronation or installation ceremonies

Decline and Revitalization Efforts

Furthermore, it faces a decline in relevance due to:

• Aging of experts and lack of competent youthful successors
• Preference for western instruments among younger generations

However, to revitalize Ubo-Aka, it is essential to:

• Encourage traditional musicians to feature the instrument in their music
• Incorporate it into music education curricula
• Showcase its works in media platforms
• Support local Igbo traditional authorities and community custodians in teaching Ubo-Aka-making and playing skills to young people

In conclusion, Ubo-Aka is a valuable instrument in Igbo traditional music, holding significant cultural and historical importance. Its decline in relevance necessitates immediate action to preserve and promote its use. By taking the necessary steps, we can ensure the continuity of Igbo cultural heritage and the aesthetics of the Ubo-Aka.